Umzansi wokwenza izixhobo zomedicali zihluka ngokukhula kakhulu, nezixhobo nokunquma kwe-orthopedic kubandla olukhula ngokukhanya kakhulu. Izikhungo zezempilo, abahlinzeki, nezinkampani zokwenziwa kwemedicali zibona ngokuqhushulwa ubungakanani bokuxhasana nozalwana bezakhiwo ezingcono zokwenziwa kwe-orthopedic. Ukufaka uxabiso olumangalisayo kuthinta ukuzilolonga kwezimali, ukuqonda iindlela zokwenziwa, nokuthi iindlela zokusebenza ziqhathanise ngempumelelo.
Ukuziqonda iNkcazelo yoYika lweZixhobo zeOrthopedic
Iindawo zobunzima kunye nokuxhomekeka kwezilawuli
Ukwenza kwezokufa kwezomlando kuthinta ukulandela izikhali ezihlakaniphileyo zezimali eziphakeme kufakwa kwi-ISO 13485, izimfuno ze-FDA, nezimfuno zokwamkelwa kwe-CE. Abakhi bezinsizwa eziphambili bakhuselela izinhlelo zokuphatha izimali ezibonakalayo eziqukethe izimfuno zokudizayina, ukuphatha izinkinga, nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo ngokuphindaphindi. Lezi zinhlelo zihlinza ukuthi umfanekiso wonke uphumelela noma uphumelele kakhulu kuzimfuno zokulawula, ngakho-ke kuhlala kufanayo kuzindlela zokwenza.
Ukulawula kungaphandle kokubona ngokokuqala kufaka phakathi ukubusa ngokuphindaphindi, ukubusa emva kokuthengwa, nokhumbula izimo ezimbi. Abakhi kumele bakhombise ukuthi bakhonza ukulawula ngokuphakeme kwezinsuku zomfanekiso, kusukela ekudizayinini kuze kube yisikhathi sokuthengwa futhi ekugcineni. Le ndlela ebonakalayo yokuphatha izimali ihlinza ukunika ububele kubaphathi noma abasebenzisi.
Amahlelo entuthukiseni kwezimo zokusebenza
Ukwenza kwamanzi kwe-orthopedic kusebenzisa izinkolo ezigcwele kakhulu kufana nokugcina okuphelele, ukudala ngokwengele, nokulungisa okuphucansi kakhulu. Lezindlela zinikeza amandla ekudaleni izigaba ezinhle, izinto zokufaka kwabantwana ngokwabo, nezixhobo ngobuchwepheshe obuphumelelayo kakhulu nokubuyelela. Ukuthuthela kwezixhobo ezintsha kanye nezimali ezithembekile zibonisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uyayiqonda inkoliso kanye nokuphumelela.
Ukuzimisela kwezokwenza kuyindlela enye ebalulekile, ekuvumela ukuthi kwenzeke ngokwesivumelwano izinto ezivamile ezinezindlela eziningi kanye nezinto eziphucansi ezinezindlela eziphansi. Lezivumelwano zinika amandla ukuthi abakhiqizo bakhusele izigaba ezahlukene ngaphandle kokugcina izindleko kanye nokugcina ubunzima. Ukuthi kudinga ukuthuthela kwezokwenza phezu kumaqondo okuthatha izindlela kuyinani elikhulu kubaziphatha.
Ukubheka Amaphutha Okuxhumana
Ukugqibezela Tekinikasi Kanye Nenkokheli Yodidi
Imithandazo ephumelelayo iyaphila uma izakhamzela zinikeza inkxwecano enkulu kakhulu ngezenjinini kusuku lonke lwendima yokuthutha kwakhiwa kwezinto. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthutha kwezinhloso, ukudala isibonelo esisha, ukuhlelwa kwezinhloso, nokuthutha kwendima yokuzakha. Amathimba akhethiwe azenjinini anika izimpendulo ezibalulekile engazange ikhuthaze iphahlo lezinto, kube yimali, futhi kube yisikhathi-esikhatsi sokufika emercateni.
Indlela yokuhlola ekunyanisweni kuyenzela ukuthi abashintshana bakhuthaze amandla wozakhamzela ngelinye ihlale inempiyipha yesimo sendawo nemercati. Izakhamzela eziphumelelayo zanika imodeli engafaniyo yokuxhumana engayikhiphayela imithandazo yonke, kusukela ekugcineni komthetho wokuzakha kuya kumthetho wokuthutha okuphathelene. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukuthi imithandazo ivuthane njengoko izidingo zomnotho izihlaziya.
Ukuphatha Isithuthi Nezintsha
Ukuphatha kwe-inthanethi yezimali kuyisisekelo sezokwelapha esihlakaniphileyo semfundo ye-orthopedic. Abafundi abaqhubekayo bakhombisa izinhlaka ezahlukene, busebenzise amathuba okulungisa ububi, baze basebenzise izinhlelo eziphucukelayo ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezinto njalo. Lezi zindlela kumele kube khona ngoba izinto ze-orthopedic zibaluleke kakhulu futhi kunezimo ezingcono uma kuhlukene ekuneni kwezimali.
Ukubonakala kwezimali kuvumela izikhiphani ukuqonda izinkinga ezingcono futhi uqaleke kuzilungiselela. Ukuxhumana njalo mayelana nokwabi, izikhathi, nezinkinga ezingcono kuvumela ukuplanisha ngaphambilini futhi kukusiza ukuqinisekisa izinkampani eziphephile. Izikhiphani ezihlukile kangaka zinezindaba eziphathelene nezinqumo ezihlanganisiwe mayelana nokusebenza kwesithuthi sezimali.
Ukulunjwa Kwesikhipha Sempilo
Ukukhuseleka Kwegazi
Izidingo zokumenzela kwezobuchwepheshe ziqhakazela indima ephakeme embangeni wokwenza izixhobo zomdlalo, ngoba kunjalo ubuchwepheshe bokwenza izixhobo zomdlalo. Iziphumano ezicacileyo malunga nokubamba, ukulayisensha, nokuphatha kwamathuba okumenzela kuthiwa akunye amaphutha futhi aqiniseze ukuthi wonke amaqembu ayithole inkinga ekufanele yizindlela zabo zokusebenzisa ngokuxhasene. Le ziphumano kumele zilungiselele i-IP esikhona nakakhulu nokuthuthukisa okusha okutholakala kusuka kumsebenzi.
Izinqubo zokugcina imfashaniso nezimemezeza zokungabonisi zihlinze imfashaniso engalindelekile ngelinye ilungiselelo lokuxhumana ngokovulekile okudingekayo ukuziphatha ngempumelelo. Umphathi wemfanelo yezokulawula izono zomzimba kumele amaqembu abonise izindlela eziphathelene nesivikelo semfashaniso futhi ziboneke ngokuthi zinesifo sokuphatha amathuba okumenzela komkhakha ngemva kwazo zonke izindaba zabo zomsebenzi.
Ukufinyelela Kwasemathalathini Nenkxaso Yokudlulisela
Abakhi besiluma esiningi bafana nezinsiza ezongezeke ezingaphandle kwezemfundo eziphathelene nokwakha, kanye negunya lethuli, uhlelo lwesizukulwane, kanye nesiza ekunikezeni. Lezi zinsiza zingasekela kakhulu ekufinyeleni kwisizukulwane kanti waze ubandla obungenasizo ngokuphelele emaphakathini okuthile noma emalungiseleleni ethuli. Ukuqonda izinsiza ezitholakala kusiza ababambili ukwenza izinqumo ezivumelekile mayelana nomlando wokubamba isibindi.
Ukufinyelela kwisizukulwane sonke kudinga ukulawula imilingo engahlanzeki yethuli, izidingo zomphakathi, kanye namindleko yokunikeza. Abakhi basebenzayo bathola ubonakaliso olusemthethweni kanye nabantu abaqinile abangasekela ekunyuswa kwamazulu. Lokhu kusemthethweni kuyoba khethekile uma kufinyelwa emazulwini amasha engezansi nethuli lethuli okuthile noma izinkinga zokunikeza.
Ubungakanani Bokusebenza kanye Nguhlaziyo Oyingcono
Ukulandela Isebe kanye Nezibalo Zobuhle
Ukubambisana okuphumelelayo kusungula amamethrikhi okubonisa ukusebenza kahle nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezinikeza ukubonakala kwekhwalithi yokukhiqiza, ukusebenza kokulethwa nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende. Ukubuyekeza njalo kwenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa njalo futhi kusize ekuboneni amathuba okwenza ngcono. Lezi zilinganiso kufanele zihambisane nezinhloso zebhizinisi futhi zinikeze ukuqonda okusebenzisekayo kubo bobabili abalingani.
Ukwenza izinqumo okuqhutshwa idatha kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kobambiswano ngokunikeza izisekelo eziqondile zokuthuthukisa izinqubo nokuhlela amasu. Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili batshala imali ekwakheni amakhono athuthukile okuqoqa nokuhlaziya idatha avumela ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela nokuhlaziya okubikezelayo. Lokhu kuhlakanipha kwezobuchwepheshe kusekela ukuxazulula izinkinga ngendlela ephumelelayo nokwenza izinto zibe ngcono njalo.
Ukuqamba kanye Nentuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe
Umzamo wasekhiphini kujulile ngokushesha, kuthuthukiswa yizindlela ezintsha zokwenza izinto, izona zokwakha nokwakha, nezona zokuphatha. Izinkampani ezinezinhlanhla ziqinisekisa ukuthuthuka futhi zathengela ekuthuthakeni izona ezingcono kuzo zonke izigaba. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulondoloza kwamandla amasha, izinye zokwakha, nezibalo zezinto ezingcono okungaholela ekuthuthakeni kwabo abantu abanemzimba nempilo.
Izimali zokuthuthuka ziqashisana nezinye izinkampani ukuze ziphendule izinkinga eziningi ezingachazeki ngokuxhaswa. Lezi zimali zingaholela kumaprodukthi nemithombo ethuweyo eyenziwa ngokuthula kakhulu emzini. Izinkampani ezinezinhlanhla kakhulu ziqinisekisa ukuthi zihlinzela izimali zokuthuthuka nezona ngokudala ngokudala.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kufuneka ngithole yini indikisa ekufanele ngiyilinde kumeloli wezinto zasekhiphini?
Iziqinisekiso ezibaluleke kakhulu kufana no-ISO 13485 yezinhlelo zokuphatha ubunzima bezohlelo lwesilimi, iqinisekiso le-FDA ukungena emazweni e-US, umshinelwane we-CE wokuhlanganiswa kwe-Europe, neziqinisekiso ezihlobene nazo zezizwe ezithile zezimakethe etholeni. Ngaphezu koko, sebenzisa iziqinisekiso ezisemthethweni ezigcwele eziphambili kwizivikelo zomlando, ukuthiwa khona okuchaphazekayo, nokulinganisa kokungabi nalutho olukhathalisekileyo okubonisa ubunzima obugcwele bokusebenza.
Kunjani angikulungele ubungako bekwenza izinto ngabasebenzisi ababelo?
Linganisa ubungako bekwenza izinto ngokubheka ubude bekhaya, amandla wezixhobo, inguquko yokwakha izinto, nobungako bezifundiso zabasebenzi. Sicela ulwazi olujulile olutholakala ngokulinganisa amandla ekhoyo, amandla okuthutha, nokuphlaneka kwezinqumo. Ukuhamba kwindawo kanye nokuhlola kunciphisa ukuzwa kakhulu mayelana nabungako benyathelo nemisebenzi yezinhlelo zokuphatha ubunzima.
Kufuneka kufakwe ntoni kumfanekiso wokuxhumana ngokwenza izinto?
Imitholampilo yesivikelo esigcwele kufanele ibe yindlela yokulungiselela izindleko, izidingo zokh quality, imigomo yokulethwa, amalungelo wokwenza izinto ngokwezifiso, izinqubo zokugcina ubucophele, izibopho zokulawula, nezindlela zokulinganisa iphumelele. Faka izinqubo zokushintsha kwebuxhaka, ukuguquka kwemitholampilo, nezibopho zokuphela kwebuxhaka. Izinqubo ezicacile zokukhuluma nokuthutha kakhulu kusiza ekunikelweni okungahambelani futhi kuhlukaniswa ubudlelwane obubi.
Ngani angikwazi ukuthinta iqiniso eliqinileyo ngempela wokwenza?
Dala izici ezicacile zokh quality, sebenzisa izibopho zokulunga ngokuyisikhathi, futhi uvuselele izinkundla zokukhuluma ngokuhlangana nokh quality. Sebenzana nabanye abakhiwe nguwo onemitholampilo ephathelene nokh quality, amandla wokulunga ngendlela ethile, nezibopho ezigcwele zokulunga. Izimemo ezihlanjuluka zokuphumelela nezibopho zokulungisa zisiza ekuvuseleni izici ezicacile zokh quality ngempela.
